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Essay Writing Tips

How to Write Good Essay (एक अच्छा निबंध कैसे लिखें)

Long Composition

Essay Writing 

Essay writing एक कला है l Essay शब्द फ्रांसीसी भाषा के शब्द ‘essai’ से बना है l इसका अर्थ होता है ‘प्रयास’ l essay लिखना कठिन जरूर है लेकिन प्रयास से इसमें दक्षता प्राप्त की जा सकती है l याद रखें-

करत-करत अभ्यास ते, जड़मति होत सुजान l

रसरी आवत-जात ते, सिल पर परत निशान ll

बहुत के लोग निबंध को रटने का प्रयास करते है, जो की गलत है l इससे निबंध की स्वाभाविकता का ह्रास होता है l अब High school की परीक्षा में कुछ hints या outlines पहले से ही दिए जाते है जिनकी सहायता से निबंध को पूरा करना होता है l इससे निबंध कुछ हद तक आसान हो जाता है l याद रहे इन्ही hints को अपना heading बना लेना चाहिए l जबकि इंटरमीडिएट में ऐसा नहीं है उसमे hints नहीं दिए जाते है आप अपनी तरफ से ही heading बनाना होता है l

1- निबंध लिखते समय ध्यान रखने योग्य बातें-भाषा सरल और स्पष्ट होनी चाहिए l

2- वाक्य छोटे-छोटे तथा उसमे उचित विराम-चिन्हों का प्रयोग करना चाहिए l

3- दिए गये outlines को अपना heading बना लेना चाहिए l

4- दिए गए topics में से जिसमें अधिक जानकारी हो उसी पर निबंध लिखना चाहिए l

5- कठिन शब्दों के प्रयोग से बचना चाहिए और शब्दों की spelling सही होना चाहिए l

6- शुरू में टॉपिक के बारे में Introduction(प्रस्तावना) जरूर देना चाहिए l Intoduction प्रभावशाली होना चाहिए l  

7- hand-writing सुन्दर रखने की कोशिश करनी चाहिए l

8- बीच-बीच में महान व्यक्ति के कथन या मुहाविरो का प्रयोग करने से निबंध प्रभावशाली बनता है l

9- संक्षिप्त रूपों (abbrebiations) का प्रयोग नहीं करना चाहिए l

10- निर्धारित शब्दों के अन्दर ही अपनी बातें पूरी करने की कोशिश करें l

11- Introduction की ही तरह से उपसंहार(conclusion) भी प्रभावशाली होना चाहिए l

12- किसी शब्द या स्वकी को बार-बार दुहराना नहीं चाहिए l

13- निबंध को अपनी भाषा में लिखना चाहिए l

14- लेखन गति अच्छी होनी चाहिए जिससे और प्रश्नों के लिए समय कम न पड़े l

15- परीक्षा के 30 दिन पहले से ही महत्वपूर्ण topics पर निबंध लिखने का अभ्यास करना चाहिए l  

16- लिखने के बाद निबंध को एक बार दुहरा लेना चाहिए l

उम्मीद है मेरे ये कुछ tips जरूर आपकी मदद करेंगे l याद रखे सिर्फ जानकारी से कुछ नहीं होता, अम्ल में लाने से होता है l

“मंजिल उन्हें मिलती है, जिनके सपनों में जन होती है l

पंख से कुछ नहीं होता, हौंसले से उड़ान होती है” ll

Rules to Change The Persons of Pronouns

Rules to Change the Persons of Pronouns [ सर्वनाम के वचन में परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी नियम ]

Direct से Indirect बनाने के लिए Persons में परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी नियमो का अच्छा ज्ञान होना आवश्यक है l Person निम्नलिखित तीन प्रकार के होते है-

1-First Person (I, My, Mine, Me, Myself, We, Us, Our, Ours, Ourself, Ourselves ) [ प्रथम पुरुष]
2-Second Person ( you, Your, Yours, Yourself, Thou, Thee, Thine, Thyself ) [मध्यम पुरुष ]
3-Third Person ( He, Him, His, Himself, She, Her, Herself, It, It’s, Itself, They, Them, Their, Themselves, Name [ उत्तम पुरुष ]

Rule 1-यदि Direct Speech के Reported Part में First Person का Pronoun आया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय उसको रिपोर्टिंग Part के Subject के Person, Number, and Gender के अनुसार बदल देते है l

For Examples:-
Direct-  They said, “We have been going to school.”
Indirect-  They said taht they had been going to school.

Direct-  The child said to me, “I have been jumping so high.”
Indirect-  The child told me that he had been jumping so high.


Rule 2-यदि Direct Speech के Reported Part में Second Person का Pronoun आया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय उसको रिपोर्टिंग Part के Object के

Person, Number, and Gender के अनुसार बदल देते है l

For Examples:-
Direct-  They said to her, “You have been going to school.”
Indirect-  They told her that she had been going to school.

Direct-  The child said to me, “You have been jumping so high.”
Indirect-  The child told me that I had been jumping so high.


Note-यदि Direct Speech के Reported Part में Second Person का Pronoun आया हो लेकिन Reporting Part में Object न आया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय रिपोर्टिंग Part में अपने तरफ से First Person या Third Person के Pronoun को अपना Object बनाकर उसके अनुसार बदल देते है l


For Examples:-
Direct-  They said, “You have been going to school.”
Indirect-  They told her that she had been going to school.

Direct-  The child said, “You have been jumping so high.”
Indirect-  The child told me that I had been jumping so high.


Rule 3-यदि Direct Speech के Reported Part में Third Person का Pronoun आया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय उसको नहीं बदलते है l


For Examples:-
Direct-  They said to her, “He has been going to school.”
Indirect-  They told her that he had been going to school.

Direct-  The child said to me, “They have been jumping so high.”
Indirect-  The child told me that they had been jumping so high.

Rule 4-कभी-कभी Reporting Speech के Subject तथा Object दोनों Third Person में होते है, ऐसे में Indirect बनाते समय यह पता नहीं चल पाता है कि Pronoun Subject के अनुसार बदला है या Object के अनुसार, इसलिए कोष्ठक के अन्दर उन Pronoun को लिख देते है जिनके अनुसार परिवर्तन होता है l


For Examples:-
Direct-  He said to him, “You have been going to my school.”
Indirect-  He told him that he(object) had been going to his(subject) school.

Direct-  Ram said to Mohan, “I have given you a pen.”
Indirect-  Ram told Mohan that He (subject) had given him (object) a pen.

                        

15 One-liner Questions about William Wordsworth

15 Imp. One-liner Questions about William Wordsworth

1- Whose poetry was in search of sublime moments, as well as beauty in the lives of simple rural people?

Ans- Wordsworth’s poetry

2- When was The Prelude begun?

Ans- In 1799

3- Which work of S. T. Coleridge’s contained an analysis of a broad range of philosophical life?

Ans- Biographia Literaria

4- When was The Prelude completed?

Ans- In 1850

5- When was The Prelude published?

Ans- In 1850, after his death

6- When was the first version of The Prelude published?

Ans- In 1799

7- When was the second version of The Prelude published?

Ans- In 1805

8- How many books were there in the first version of The Prelude?

Ans- 2 books

9- How many books were there in the second version of The Prelude?

Ans- 13 books

10- When was the final version of The Prelude published?

Ans- In 1850

11- How many books were there in the final version of The Prelude?

Ans- 14 books

12- What was the subtitle of The Prelude?

Ans- Growth of a Poet’s Mind; An Autobiographical Poem

13- In which poem did Wordsworth described the beauty and richness of childhood?

Ans- The Prelude

14- To more than infant softness, giving me, /Among the fretful dwellings of mankind.” From which poem has this line been taken?

Ans- The Prelude

15- Who described Wordsworth’s poem The Prelude as a ‘lyrical bildungsroman’?

Ans- Richard Clarke

Helping Chart to Change the Persons of Pronouns

Helping Chart For The Change Of Persons of Pronouns [ सर्वनाम के वचन में परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी सहायक सारिणी ]

 Persons
पुरुष		 Nominative Case
कर्ता कारक		 Objective Case
कर्म कारक		 Possessive Case
सम्बन्ध कारक		 Reflexive Case
निज कारक
 First Person
प्रथम पुरुष		I                                               
We		Me   
Us		My                         
Our, Ours		Myself                      
Ourselves
 Second Person 
मध्यम पुरुष		You                                            
Thou तू		You                       
Thee तुझे		Your                      
Thy, Thine तेरा, तेरी		Yourself,
Yourselves          
Thyself  तूने स्वयं से
 Third Person
उत्तम पुरुष		He                       
She                       
It                     
They                    
Name (M)                    
Name (F)		Him                       
Her                       
It                    
Them                     
Him                      
Her		His                       
Her                      
It’s                     
Their                      
His                      
Her		Himself                    
Herself                  
Itself                 
Themself                 
Himself                 
Herself

Note 1-यदि Reported Speech में We का प्रयोग समस्त मानव जाति के लिए किया गया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय We को नहीं बदलते है l


Note 2- Reported Speech में कभी-कभी राजा, बादशाह या बड़े लोग अपने लिए I के स्थान पर We का प्रयोग करते है, Indirect बनाते समय इनके स्थान पर He लिखते है l

                        
Major Poets of the Augustan Age (1700-1798)

Major Poets of the Augustan Age (1700-1798)

1- Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
2- Dr. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)
3- Thomas Gray (1716-1771)
4- William Collins (1721-1759)
5- Oliver Goldsmith (1730-1774)
6- William Cowper (1731-1800)
7- George Crabbe (1754-1832)
8- Robert Burns (1759-1796)

1- Alexander Pope (1688-1744)


English poet, critic, and satirist.
Born in- Lombard Street, London.
Well known for- His heroic epic- ‘The Rape of the Lock’ published in 1712.

2- Dr. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)


English poet, biographer, critic and lexicographer


Born in- Lichfield, Staffordshire, 1709
First major work- ‘London-Imitation of the Third Satire of Juvenal’
May-1738

3- Thomas Gray (1716-1771)


Born in- Cornhill, London, 1716
Father- Philip Gray
Mother- Dorothy Gray,
Gray declined the offer of becoming Poet Laureate in 1775.

4- William Collins (1721-1759)


Born in- Chichester, England, 1721
First work published- ‘The Royal Nuptials’
Well known for- His 12 Odes


5- Oliver Goldsmith (1730-1774)


Anglo-Irish poet, playwright, novelist.
Born in- Kilkenny West, Ireland in 1730.


First master work- ‘The Vicar of Wakefield’

6- William Cowper (1731-1800)


Born in- Great Berkhampstead, Hertfordshire, 1731


First work- ‘Olney Hymns (1779) (Newton), 67 hymns by Cowper and the rest by Newton.

7- George Crabbe (1754-1832)


Poet and Clergyman.
Born in- Aldeburgh, Suffolk, England, 1754.
Well known for- ‘The Village’ 1782 (Poem)


8- Robert Burns (1759-1796)


Scottish Poet.
Born in- Alloway (Village), Ayrshire of South West Scotland, 1759.


First work published- ‘The Royal Nuptials’
Well known as ‘The Bard of Ayrshire’.

Biography of Alfred Lord Tennyson (1809-1892)

Life-history of Alfred Lord Tennyson

Birth-

Alfred Lord Tennyson was born in Somersby, Lincolnshire, England on August 6, 1809.

Father-

His father’s name was George Clayton Tennyson. His father was a clergyman.

Mother-

His mother’s name was Elizabeth Fytche, after marriage Elizabeth Tennyson.

Alfred Lord Tennyson was the fourth children of his parents. His parents had twelve children.

Education-

He studied at Louth Grammar School in his early educational life from 1816-1820, later on he joined Trinity College, Cambridge in 1827.

Friend-

Arthur Hallam was his college friend. Their friendship developed when he was at Trinity College, Cambridge. They were a part of a literary group named ‘The Apostles’ at Trinity College. The group supported Alfred Lord Tennyson much and gave confidence to be a young poet. Hallam was not only Tennyson’s closest friend but his brother-in-law also. Hallam was engaged with Tennyson’s sister Emily Tennyson. His friend Hallam suddenly died in 1833 when he was of 22. It was a great loss to Tennyson. In his memory Tennyson wrote his elegy ‘In Memoriam’. It was published in 1850. It shocked Tennyson much and he decided not to publish for 10 years. But it was also considered that his second volume of poetry got heavy criticism, it discouraged him much so he decided not to publish again for ten years.

His Works-

Although Tennyson had written many poems but his first collection of poetry was Poems Chiefly Lyrical. It was published in 1830.

His second collection of poetry was The Poems. It was published in 1832. This one has not given him fame. Although the second volume of poetry got unfavourable reviews, his friend Hallam supported Tennyson and promoted it.

The Princess, A Medley Dealing, were his famous works.

His well-known poem ‘In Memoriam’ brought him closer to Queen Victoria, she was much impressed with his poem. This poem made him Poet Laureate of England.

His Other Works-

Maud and Other Poems

The Idylls of the King

Queen Mary

Harold

Becket

Short Lyrics-

His main short lyrics are given below-

“Break, Break, Break”, “The Charge of the Light Brigade”, “Tears, Idle Tears”, and “Crossing the Bar”.

Blank Verses-

He composed some blank verses- ‘Idylls of the King’, “Ulysses”, and “Thithonus”.

Celebrated Poems-

Alfred Lord Tennyson made a collection of poems in 1830 and named it ‘Poems Chiefly Lyrical’. His poems- “Claribel” and “Mariana” were included in his first solo collection of poems.

Turning Point-

In 1842, he published his poems ‘Two Volumes’. This one was different and brought him more fame. The success of this volume made him great poet. Now he was a popular poet and got government pension few years later.

Awards-

Alfred Lord Tennyson was made the Poet Laureate of England by Queen Victoria in 1850, after William Wordsworth’s death. Samuel Rogers was ahead to Tennyson for the post of Poet Laureate, but he had refused. Tennyson was The Poet Laureate till his death in 1892.

It is considered the longest period of any Laureate. Queen Victoria

 decided to do this, because she was much influenced with his work ‘In Memoriam’.

He was awarded the Chancellor’s gold Medal at Cambridge for his first pieces. “Timbuktu”.

Marriage-

In 1850 Tennyson married with Emily Sellwood, his childhood friend form Shiplake village.

Children-

He had two sons-

1- Hallam Tennyson

2- Lionel

His Valuable Phrases/Quotes-

Many of his phrases were more valuable. He was at ninth in the list of most frequently quoted writer in The Oxford Dictionary of Quotations. Some quotes are given here-

  1. “Nature, red in tooth and claw”- (In Memoriam)
  2. “Tis better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all” (In Memoriam)
  3. “Theirs not to reason why theirs but to do and die” (The Charge of the Light Brigade)
  4. “My strength is as the strength of ten because my heart is pure” (Sir Galahad)
  5. “To strive, to seek, to find, and not yield” (Ulysses)
  6. “Knowledge comes, but Wisdom lingers” (Locksley Hall)
  7. “The old order changeth, yielding place to new’ (Morte D’ Arthur)

Death-

Tennyson died in Haslemere, England on 6th October, 1892. His body was buried in Westminster Abbey.

Direct & Indirect Rules for Assertive Sentences

साधारण वाक्यों के लिए Direct और Indirect के नियम

Assertive Setences में Direct से Indirect बनाते समय निम्नलिखित नियमो का पालन करना चाहिए l –


1-यदि Direct speech में reprting verb के साथ object भी आया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय reporting verb को निम्न प्रकार बदलते है-

 Directसे Indirect
 say toको tell
 says toको tells
 said toको told


For Examples:-
Direct-  The teacher said to me,”You are a naughty boy.”
Indirect-  The teacher told me that I was a naughty boy.”

2-यदि रिपोर्टिंग verb के बाद object न दिया हो तो आने वाले say, says तथा said में कोई परिवर्तन नहीं करते है l


For Examples:-
Direct-  The teacher said,”You are a naughty boy.”
Indirect-  The teacher said that you were a naughty boy.”

3-Comma तथा Inverted commas को हटा कर that का प्रयोग करते है l


For Examples:-
Direct-  The teacher said,”You are a naughty boy.”
Indirect-  The teacher said that you were a naughty boy.”

4-Inverted capital Commas के अन्दर प्रथम शब्द के प्रथम अक्षर को small कर देते है, परन्तु Proper Noun तथा I रहने पर उसे capital ही रहने देते है l


For Examples:-
Direct-  The teacher said,”You are a naughty boy.”
Indirect-  The teacher said that you were a naughty boy.”


5-अगर रिपोर्टिंग भाग direct speech के बीच में या अंत में दिया है तो उसे Indirect बनाते समय पहले लिखते है l

For Examples:-
Direct-  “You are a naughty boy”,the teacher said.
Indirect-  The teacher said that you were a naughty boy.”


6-यदि Inverted Commas के अन्दर संबोधन के शब्द का प्रयोग किया गया हो तो Indirect बनाते समय उसे अपना object बना लेते है या फिर addressing……as का प्रयोग करे है l

For Examples:-
Direct-  The teacher said, “Mohan, you are a naughty boy.”
Indirect-  The teacher told Mohan that he was a naughty boy.”

Direct-  The teacher said, “Children, I love you very much.”
Indirect-  Addressing as children the teacher said that he loved them very much.


7-यदि Direct Speech के रिपोर्टेड part में Sir या Madam शब्द आये हो तो Indirect बनाते समय ‘respectfully’ reporting verb के पहले या ‘with respect’ reporting verb के बाद लगाते है l


For Examples:-
Direct-  They said to his boss, “Sir, we want to go home.”
Indirect-  They respectfully told his boss taht they wanted to go home.

Direct-  The children said, “Madam, you are very kind.”
Indirect-  The children told the madam with respect that she was very kind.


8-यदि Direct Speech के रिपोर्टेड part में you see या well शब्द आये हो तो Indirect बनाते समय इन शव्दों को हटा देते है l


For Examples:-
Direct-  They said, “Well done Suresh, You have done that.”
Indirect-  They told Suresh taht he had done that.

Direct-  The children said, “You see Madam, we are very kind.”
Indirect-  The children told madam that they were very kind.


9-यदि Direct Speech के रिपोर्टेड part में thank You, hope, या feel शब्द आये हो तो Indirect बनाते समय thank you को thanked में hope को hoped में तथा feel को felt में बदल देते है l


For Examples:-
Direct-  They said, “Thank you Suresh, he has done that.”
Indirect-  They thanked Suresh that he had done that.

Direct-  The children said, “We feel we can jump so high.”
Indirect-  The children felt that they could jump so high.

Rules for the Change of Tense

                        
Active Voice & Passive Voice

Active Voice & Passive Voice [ कर्तृवाच्य तथा कर्मवाच्य]

Active Voice [ कर्तृवाच्य ]:- ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे कर्ता की प्रधानता होती है अर्थात कर्ता को केंद्र मानकर कर्ता के बारे में कुछ कहा जाता है, कर्तृवाच्य कहलाते है l [ Those sentences in which subject is main, means something is said about subject, is called active voice.]

For Examples:-
Active-  Sheela sings a sweet song.
Active-  They are playing football.
Active-  Birds eat worms.
Active-  He reads a book. Passive Voice [ कर्मवाच्य ]:- ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे कर्म की प्रधानता होती है अर्थात object को केंद्र मानकर object के बारे में कुछ कहा जाता है, कर्मवाच्य कहलाते है l [ Those sentences in which object is main, means something is said about object, is called passive voice.]

For Examples:-
Passive-  A sweet song is sung by Sheela.
Passive-  Football is being played by them.
Passive-  Worms are eaten by birds.
Passive-  A book is read by him.

Active Voice का अध्ययन हम 12 Tenses जबकि Passive Voice बनाने का अध्ययन हम 8 Tenses के अंतर्गत करते है जो निम्नलिखित है

Active VoicePassive Voice
1- Present Indefinite Tense 1- Present Indefinite Tense
2- Present continuous Tense2- Present continuous Tense
3- Present Perfect Tense3- Present Perfect Tense
4- Present Perfect Continuous tense4- Present Perfect Continuous tense [ का Passive नहीं बनता है ]
5- Past Indefinite Tense5- Past Indefinite Tense
6- Past continuous Tense6- Past continuous Tense
7- Past Perfect Tense7- Past Perfect Tense
8- Past Perfect Continuous Tense8- Past Perfect Continuous Tense [ का Passive नहीं बनता है ]
9- Future Indefinite Tense9- Future Indefinite Tense
10- Future Continuous Tense10- Future Continuous Tense [ का Passive नहीं बनता है ]
11- Future Perfect Tense11- Future Perfect Tense
12- Future Perfect Continuous Tense12- Future Perfect Continuous Tense [ का Passive नहीं बनता है ]

1- Present Indefinite Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

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Study of Active Passive in Imperative Sentences

Imperative Sentences [ आज्ञासूचक वाक्य ] के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

1- Assertive or Affirmative Sentences [ कथ्नात्मक या स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, अर्थात not [ नहीं ] शव्द का प्रयोग नहीं मिलता ह या वाक्य में कोई प्रश्न नहीं पूछा जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Imperative Sentence से आज्ञा, सलाह, अनुरोध, प्रार्थना, आदि का भाव प्रकट होता है l इसमें कर्ता you छिपा रहता है वाक्य हमेशा verb से या negative word या question word से प्रारंभ होता है l Imperative Sentences के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

[ let + Object का Subjective रूप + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ] [ by + subject का object जरूरी नहीं होता क्योकि वाक्य में कर्ता you छिपा रहता है l ]

For Examples:-

Active-   Open the door.

Passive-  Let the door be opened.

Active-   Post this letter.

Passive-  Let this letter be posted by you. [ by you जरूरी नहीं होता क्योकि वाक्य में कर्ता you छिपा रहता है l ]

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य के करने या होने को मना किया जाता हो, अर्थात वाक्य के प्रारंभ में do not/never का प्रयोग मिले, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Imperative sentences के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

[ Let + Object का Subjective रूप + not/never + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ] [ by + subject का object जरूरी नहीं होता क्योकि वाक्य में कर्ता you छिपा रहता है l ]

For Examples:-

Active-   Do not open the door.

Passive-  Let the door not be opened.

Active-   Never post this letter.

Passive-  Let this letter never be posted by you. [ by you जरूरी नहीं होता क्योकि वाक्य में कर्ता you छिपा रहता है l ]

A- Note:- Imperative Sentences का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न Formula का भी प्रयोग किया जा सकता है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-

[ Object का Subjective रूप + should + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ][ by + subject का object जरूरी नहीं होता क्योकि वाक्य में कर्ता you छिपा रहता है l ]

For Examples:-

Active-   Call the servant.

Passive-  The servant should be called.

Active-    Help the poor.

Passive-  The poor should be helped.

B- Note:- अगर Imperative Sentences में Please या Kindly शव्द आये तो Passive बनाते समय निम्न Formula का प्रयोग करते है

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-

 [ You are requested + to + v1 + Object + other ]

For Examples:-

Active-    Please sit down.

Passive-  You are requested to sit down.

Active-    Kindly do not listen to me.

Passive-  You are requested not to listen to me.

C- Note:- अगर Imperative Sentences में सलाह या सुझाव का बोध हो तो Passive बनाते समय निम्न Formula का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-

[ You are advised + to + v1 + Object + other ]

For Examples:-

Active-   Speak the truth.

Passive-  You are advised to speak the truth.

Active-   Never tease the poor.

Passive-  You are advised never to tease the poor.

10- Some Special Sentences[ कुछ विशेष प्रकार के वाक्य ] के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का

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Rules of Active Passive in Future Perfect Tense

Future Perfect Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने के नियम

1- Affirmative Sentences [स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Future Perfect Tense के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + will/shall + have been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   I shall have bought a building in new Delhi.
Passive-  A building shall have been bought by me in new Delhi.
Active-   He will have torn his clothes.
Passive-  His clothes will have been torn by him.

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना अस्वीकार किया जाता है, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Future Perfect Tense के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

 Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + will/shall + not + have been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   I shall not have bought a building in new Delhi.
Passive-  A building shall not have been bought by me in new Delhi.
Active-   He will not have torn his clothes.
Passive-  His clothes will not have been torn by him.

3- Interrogative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, Interrogative Sentence कहलाता है l Future Perfect Tense के Interrogative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र] 1:-

[ Will/shall + Object का Subjective रूप + have been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर

 [ Q.w. + will/shall + Object का Subjective रूप + have been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-

Active-   Will the shopkeeper have closed his shop?

Passive-  Will his shop have been closed by the shopkeeper?

Active-   Why will he have received the letter?

Passive-  Why will the letter have been received by him?

4- Interrogative & Negative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, तथा नकारात्मक शव्द not का भी प्रयोग मिलता है Interrogative & Negative Sentence कहलाता है l Future Perfect Tense के Interrogative & Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-

[ Will/shall + Object का Subjective रूप + not + have been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर

 [ Q.w. + will/shall + Object का Subjective रूप + not + have been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-

Active-   Will the shopkeeper not have closed his shop?

Passive-  Will his shop not have been closed by the shopkeeper?

Active-   Why will he not have received the letter?

Passive-  Why will the letter not have been received by him?

9- Imperative Sentences [ आज्ञासूचक वाक्य ] के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन 

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Rules of Active Passive in Future Indefinite Tense

Future Indefinite Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने के नियम

1- Affirmative Sentences [स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Future Indefinite Tense के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + will/shall + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   The gardener will water the plant.
Passive-  The plant will be watered by the gardener.
Active-   He will deceive me.
Passive-  I shall be deceived by him.

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना अस्वीकार किया जाता है, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Future Indefinite Tense के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + will/shall + not + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   The gardener will not water the plant.
Passive-  The plant will not be watered by the gardener.
Active-   He will not deceive me.
Passive-  I shall not be deceived by him.

Future Indefinite Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने के नियम

1- Affirmative Sentences [स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Future Indefinite Tense के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + will/shall + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   The gardener will water the plant.
Passive-  The plant will be watered by the gardener.
Active-   He will deceive me.
Passive-  I shall be deceived by him.

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना अस्वीकार किया जाता है, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Future Indefinite Tense के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + will/shall + not + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   The gardener will not water the plant.
Passive-  The plant will not be watered by the gardener.
Active-   He will not deceive me.
Passive-  I shall not be deceived by him.

3- Interrogative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, Interrogative Sentence कहलाता है l Future Indefinite Tense के Interrogative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-  

[ Will/shall + Object का Subjective रूप + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]   Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर  [ Q.w. + will/shall + Object का Subjective रूप + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Will they help us?
Passive-  Shall we be helped by them?
Active-   Who shall do my homework?
Passive-  By whom will my homework be done?

[ ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे Who का प्रयोग मिलता है, उनमे ‘Who’ question word तथा subject दोनों होता है l इसलिए इसे subject का object बनाकर question word के रूप में आगे by whom के रूप में लिख देते है l ]

4- Interrogative & Negative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, तथा नकारात्मक शव्द not का भी प्रयोग मिलता है Interrogative & Negative Sentence कहलाता है l Future Indefinite Tense के Interrogative & Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-  

[ Will/shall + Object का Subjective रूप + not + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]   Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर  [ Q.w. + will/shall + Object का Subjective रूप + not + be + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Will they not help us?
Passive-  Shall we not be helped by them?
Active-   Who shall not do my homework?
Passive-  By whom will my homework not be done?

8- Future Perfect Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

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Rules of Active Passive in Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने के नियम

1- Affirmative Sentences [स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Past Perfect Tense के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + had + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   The police had caught the robbers.
Passive-  The robbers had been caught by the police.
Active-   The cow had eaten green grass.
Passive-  Green grass had been eaten by the cow.

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना अस्वीकार किया जाता है, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Past Perfect Tense के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

Past Perfect Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

1- Affirmative Sentences [स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Past Perfect Tense के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + had + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   The police had caught the robbers.
Passive-  The robbers had been caught by the police.
Active-   The cow had eaten green grass.
Passive-  Green grass had been eaten by the cow.

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना अस्वीकार किया जाता है, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Past Perfect Tense के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + had + not + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]

For Examples:-
Active-   The police had not caught the robbers.
Passive-  the robbers had not been caught by the police.
Active-   The cow had not eaten green grass.
Passive-  Green grass had not been eaten by the cow.

3- Interrogative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, Interrogative Sentence कहलाता है l Past Perfect Tense के Interrogative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-  

[ Had + Object का Subjective रूप + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]   Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर  [ Q.w. + Had + Object का Subjective रूप + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Had he seen the Taj Mahal before?
Passive-  Had the Taj Mahal been seen before by him?
Active-   Why had I sold my old car?
Passive-  Why had my old car been sold by me?

4- Interrogative & Negative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, तथा नकारात्मक शव्द not का भी प्रयोग मिलता है Interrogative & Negative Sentence कहलाता है l Past Perfect Tense के Interrogative & Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-  

[ Had + Object का Subjective रूप + not + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]   Formula [ सूत्र ]

2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर  

[ Q.w. + had + Object का Subjective रूप + not + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Had he not seen the Taj Mahal before?
Passive-  Had the Taj Mahal not been seen before by him?
Active-   Why had I not sold my old car?
Passive-  Why had my old car not been sold by me?

7- Future Indefinite Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

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Rules of Active Passive in Past Continuous Tense

Past Continuous Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

1- Affirmative Sentences [ स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Past Continuous Tense के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

[ Object का Subjective रूप + was/were + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   The laborer were making the road.
Passive-  The road was being made by the laborer.
Active-   The girl was knitting the socks.
Passive-  The socks were being knitted by the girl.

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना अस्वीकार किया जाता है, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Past Continuous Tense के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

[ Object का Subjective रूप + was/were + not + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   The laborer were not making the road.
Passive-  The road was not being made by the laborer.
Active-   The girl was not knitting the socks.
Passive-  The socks were not being knitted by the girl.

3- Interrogative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, Interrogative Sentence कहलाता है l Past ontinuous Tense के Interrogative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-

 [ Was/were + Object का Subjective रूप + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर

[ Q.w. + Was/were + Object का Subjective रूप + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]


For Examples:-
Active-   Were the people burning the fire?
Passive-  Were the fire being burnt by the people?
Active-   Where was the doctor examining the patients?
Passive-  Where were the patients being examined by the doctor?

4- Interrogative & Negative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, तथा नकारात्मक शव्द not का भी प्रयोग मिलता है Interrogative & Negative Sentence कहलाता है l Past Continuous Tense के Interrogative & Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-

[ Was/were + Object का Subjective रूप + not + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर

 [ Q.w. + was/were + Object का Subjective रूप + not + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Were the people not burning the fire?
Passive-  Were the fire not being burnt by the people?
Active-   Where was the doctor not examining the patients?
Passive-  Where were the patients not being examined by the doctor?

6- Past Perfect Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

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Active Passive Rules in Past Indefinite Tense

Past Indefinite Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

1- Affirmative Sentences [ स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Past Indefinite Tense के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

[ Object का Subjective रूप + was/were + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]

For Examples:-
Active-   The servant opened the door.
Passive-  The door was opened by the servant.
Active-   The tiger killed the wolves.
Passive-  The wolves were killed by the tiger.

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना अस्वीकार किया जाता है, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Past Indefinite Tense के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

[ Object का Subjective रूप + was/were + not + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   The servant did not open the door.
Passive-  The door was not opened by the servant.
Active-   The tiger did not kill the wolves.
Passive-  The wolves were not killed by the tiger.

3- Interrogative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, Interrogative Sentence कहलाता है l Past Indefinite Tense के Interrogative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-  

[ Was/were + Object का Subjective रूप + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]   Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर  [ Q.w. + was/were + Object का Subjective रूप + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Did he give me a cycle?
Passive-  Was a cycle given me by him?
Active-   How did the hunter kill the birds?
Passive-  How were the birds killed by the hunter?

4- Interrogative & Negative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, तथा नकारात्मक शव्द not का भी प्रयोग मिलता है Interrogative & Negative Sentence कहलाता है l Past Indefinite Tense के Interrogative & Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-  

[ Has/have + Object का Subjective रूप + not + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]  

Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:-

वाक्य में Question Word आने पर  [ Q.w. + has/have + Object का Subjective रूप + not + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Did he not give me a cycle?
Passive-  Was a cycle not given me by him?
Active-   How did the hunter not kill the birds?
Passive-  How were the birds not killed by the hunter?

5- Past Continuous Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

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Present Perfect Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

1- Affirmative Sentences [ स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Present Perfect Tense के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

[ Object का Subjective रूप + has/have + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   We have learnt the poem.
Passive-  The poem has been learnt by us
Active-   Himanshoo has deceived me.
Passive-  I have been deceived by Himanshoo.

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना अस्वीकार किया जाता है, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Present Perfect Tense के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:-

 [ Object का Subjective रूप + has/have+ not + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]


For Examples:-
Active-   We have not learnt the poem.
Passive-  The poem has not been learnt by us
Active-   Himanshoo has not deceived me.
Passive-  I have not been deceived by Himanshoo.

3- Interrogative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, Interrogative Sentence कहलाता है l Present Perfect Tense के Interrogative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-  

[ Has/have + Object का Subjective रूप + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]   Formula [ सूत्र ]

2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर  

[ Q.w. + has/have + Object का Subjective रूप + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Have I taken my breakfast?
Passive-  Has my breakfast been taken by me?
Active-   When have I taken my breakfast?
Passive-  When has my breakfast been taken by me?

4- Interrogative & Negative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-

ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, तथा नकारात्मक शव्द not का भी प्रयोग मिलता है Interrogative & Negative Sentence कहलाता है l Present Perfect Tense के Interrogative & Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-  

[ Has/have + Object का Subjective रूप + not + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]   Formula [ सूत्र ]

2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर  

[ Q.w. + has/have + Object का Subjective रूप + not + been + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

 For Examples:-
Active-   Have I not taken my breakfast?
Passive-  Has my breakfast not been taken by me?
Active-   When have I not taken my breakfast?
Passive-  When has my breakfast not been taken by me?

4- Past Indefinite Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

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Active Passive Rules in Present Continuous Tense

1- Affirmative Sentences [ स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य]- ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना स्वीकार किया जाता है, स्वीकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Present Continuous Tense के Affirmative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र]:-

[ Object का Subjective रूप + is/are/am + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]

For Examples:-
Active-   The patient is taking medicine.
Passive-  Medicine is being taken by the patient.
Active-   The child is eating a mango.
Passive-  A mango is being eaten by the child.

2- Negative Sentence[ नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी बात या कार्य का करना या होना अस्वीकार किया जाता है, नकारात्मक वाक्य कहलाते है l Present Continuous Tense के Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ]:- [ Object का Subjective रूप + is/are/am + not + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other ]

For Examples:-
Active-   The patient is not taking medicine.
Passive-  Medicine is not being taken by the patient.
Active-   The child is not eating a mango.
Passive-  A mango is not being eaten by the child.

3- Interrogative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य ]:-ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, Interrogative Sentence कहलाता है l Present Continuous Tense के Interrogative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-

[ Is/are/am + Object का Subjective रूप + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर

[ Q.w. + is/are/am + Object का Subjective रूप + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Is the teacher punishing the naughty boy?
Passive-  Is the naughty boy being punished by the teacher?
Active-   Where are they washing their clothes?
Passive-  Where are their clothes being washed by them?

4- Interrogative & Negative Sentence[ प्रश्नवाचक नकारात्मक वाक्य ]:-ऐसे वाक्य जिनमे किसी प्रकार का कोई प्रश्न किया जाता है या वाक्य के अंत में प्रश्नवाचक चिन्ह [ ? ] का प्रयोग मिलता है, तथा नकारात्मक शव्द not का भी प्रयोग मिलता है Interrogative & Negative Sentence कहलाता है l Present Continuous Tense के Interrogative & Negative sentence का Passive बनाने के लिए निम्न फार्मूले का प्रयोग करते है l

Formula [ सूत्र ] 1:-

[ Is/are/am + Object का Subjective रूप + not + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

Formula [ सूत्र ] 2:- वाक्य में Question Word आने पर

[ Q.w. + is/are/am + Object का Subjective रूप + not + being + v3 + by + subject का objective रूप + other + ? ]

For Examples:-
Active-   Is the teacher not punishing the naughty boy?
Passive-  Is the naughty boy not being punished by the teacher?
Active-   Where are they not washing their clothes?
Passive-  Where are their clothes not being washed by them?

3- Present Perfect Tense के अंतर्गत Active से Passive बनाने का अध्ययन

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20 Important Questions about Wordsworth

One-liner Questions about William Wordsworth

1- Which poem of Wordsworth published posthumously?

Ans- The Prelude

2- When was Lyrical Ballads, with a few other poems published?

Ans- In 1798

3- When was Lyrical Ballads, with other poems published?

Ans- In 1800

4- What was the subject matter of Wordsworth’s poetry?

Ans- Humble and rustic folk

5- Which type of language did Wordsworth use in his poetry?

Ans- Simple and natural language, really used by man

6- Who described good poetry as ‘the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling’?

Ans- William Wordsworth

7- Who described the end of poetry as ‘produce excitement in coexistence with an overbalance of pleasure’?

Ans- Wordsworth

8- Who described poet as ‘A man speaking to men’?

Ans- Wordsworth

9- Who described poet as ‘Endowed with more lively sensibility, more enthusiasm and tenderness’?

Ans- Wordsworth

10- “He/she has a greater knowledge of human nature and a more comprehensive soul, than one supposed to be common among mankind” Who said this and about whom?

Ans- Wordsworth, about a poet

11- “Who described the different stages of Wordsworth’s theory of poetic creation?

Ans- Dr. William Tarvin

12- How many stages did Dr. William Tarvin describe about Wordsworth theory of poetic creation?

Ans- 3 stages

  1. Powerful feeling
  2. Tranquil assessment
  3. A recreation of the powerful feeling in his mind, the poet is ready to write

13- How many stages did Dr. William Tarvin describe about Wordsworth theory of poetic creation?

Ans- 3 stages

14- Where did Wordsworth elaborate his poetic theory?

Ans- In the Preface to the Lyrical Ballads

15- Which work of Coleridge contains great literary criticism?

Ans- Biographia Literaria

16- Whose poetry was in search of sublime moments, as well as beauty in the lives of simple rural people?

Ans- Wordsworth’s  poetry

17- When was The Prelude begun?

Ans- In 1799

18- Which work of S. T. Coleridge’s contained an analysis of a broad range of philosophical life?

Ans- Biographia Literaria

19- When was The Prelude completed?

Ans- In 1850

20- When was The Prelude published?

Ans- In 1850, after his death

One Liner Quiz on Wordsworth

One Liner Questions about William Wordsworth

1- What was the name of Wordswroth’s father?

    Ans- John Wordsworth

2- When did Wordsworth make his debut as a writer?

    Ans- 1787

3- With which work did Wordsworth make his debut as a writer?

    Ans- The European Magazine

4- When was The European Magazine published?

Ans- 1787

5- With whom Wordsworth had an affair when he returned form France?

Ans- Annette Vallon

6- What was the name of Wordsworth’s illegitimate daughter?

Ans- Ann Caroline

7- When was Wordsworth reunited with his sister Dorothy?

Ans- 1794

8- What is the genre of The European Magazine?

Ans- Sonnet

9- With which work did Lyrical Ballads begin?

Ans- Rime of the Ancient Mariner

10- With which work did Lyrical Ballads end?

Ans- Tintern Abbey

William Wordsworth MCQs.

William Wordsworth Multiple choice Questions

1 – Wordsworth was popularly known as the poet of:

  1. Mining districts
  2. Waverley region
  3. The Lake districts ✅
  4. Lancashire region

2 – The Romantic Age is also known as the:

  1. Age of Pope
  2. Age of Dryden
  3. Age of Johnson
  4. Age of Wordsworth ✅

3 – Wordsworth was belonged to the period of:

  1. The Romantic Period ✅
  2. The Restoration Period
  3. The Modern Period
  4. The Victorian Period

4 – Who gave the Romantic Period the title of The Renaissance of Wonder in Poetry?

  1. Professor Herford
  2. William Wordsworth
  3. William Shakespeare
  4. Theodore Watts ✅

5 – Wordsworth wrote a sonnet on:

  1. Milton ✅
  2. Spenser
  3. Pope
  4. Ben Jonson

6 – Wordsworth’s Preface to the Lyrical Ballads was:

  1. A separate supplement to the Lyrical Ballads
  2. The preface to the second edition of the Lyrical Ballads ✅
  3. The preface to the first edition of the Lyrical Ballads
  4. A rejoinder to Coleridge’s Biographia Literaria

7 – “Just for a handful of silver he left us,

      Just for a riband to stick in his coat.”

Browning wrote these lines, about Wordsworth referring to a handful of silver meaning thereby:

  1. the royalty paid to him by his publishers
  2. a pension granted to him by the British government ✅
  3. a gift given to him by the French Revolution aries
  4. An endowment given to him by a well-wisher

8 – A young friend of Wordsworth left his legacy of …….to him.

  1. £ 900 ✅
  2. £ 400
  3. £ 600
  4. £ 1200

9 – According to Wordsworth Rime of the Ancient Mariner was based on a dream of Coleridge’s friend:

  1. Robert Southey
  2. Wordsworth
  3. Dr. Geilman
  4. Cruishank ✅

10 – The Prelude by Wordsworth is a:

  1. Philosophical poem
  2. Metaphysical poem
  3. autobiographical poem ✅
  4. historical poem

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